Control loops
Types of control action (two position or on/off, floating, proportional, proportional-integral or PI, and proportional-integral-derivative or PID)
Pneumatic, analog-electric, and microprocessor-based (DDC) controls
Unit-level control versus system-level control
Example: unit-level control loops for a VAV air handler
Examples of system-level control (occupied versus unoccupied modes, morning warmup mode, changeover in a two-pipe system, water loop temperature control in a WSHP system)
Examples of system optimization strategies (fan-pressure optimization, optimum start, chilled-water reset, WSHP loop optimization)
Normally-open versus normally-closed actuators
Common functions of a building automation system (responding to complaints, graphical user interface, time-of-day scheduling, centralized alarms and diagnostics, remote access, reports, preventive maintenance, integration with other systems, multiple-site support)
Network terminology
Dedicated vs. shared networks
Communication protocols (BACnet, LonTalk)
Interoperability